Free Photo Viewer is a free software which is helpful as raw file viewer. This free raw file viewer supports CR2, CRW, DNG, MRW, NEF, ORF, RAF, DCR, ARW and TIFF raw file formats. Free Photo Viewer can also be used as photo or image organizer. CHM eBook Reader for Pocket PC CHM eBook Reader for Pocket PC is a program, that allows you to view files in the most common Windows help format (*.CHM, also known as 'compiled HTML'), on the Pocket PC platform. Mar 29, 2012  File Viewer allows you to view any file on your Mac. Simply drag and drop any file or folder onto the program window. File Viewer supports playback of many common audio and video formats, and can display many image, Web, and page layout file types. An abbreviation for Nikon Electronic Format, and used solely on Nikon cameras, a file with the NEF file extension is a Nikon Raw Image file. Like other RAW image files, NEF files retain everything captured by the camera before any processing is undergone, including the metadata like the camera. Hello, Does anyone know of a good EXIF / Metadata reader for NEF files that runs on Mac OS? I'd like to be able to export ALL the metadata in a bunch of NEF's in some sort of batch form - I.e., not one at a time.

1. Nef File Viewer
2. Nef Photo Viewer

Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format or TNEF is a proprietary email attachment format used by Microsoft Outlook and Microsoft Exchange Server. An attached file with TNEF encoding is most often named winmail.dat or win.dat, and has a MIME type of Application/MS-TNEF.The official (IANA) media type, however, is application/vnd.ms-tnef.^[1]

• 3Decoding

Overview[edit]

Some TNEF files contain information used by only Outlook to generate a richly formatted view of the message, such as embedded (OLE) documents or Outlook-specific features such as forms, voting buttons, and meeting requests. Other TNEF files may contain files which have been attached to an e-mail message.

Within the Outlook e-mail client, TNEF encoding cannot be explicitly enabled or disabled (except via a registry setting^[2]). Selecting RTF as the format for sending an e-mail implicitly enables TNEF encoding, using it in preference to the more common and widely compatible MIME standard. When sending plain text or HTML format messages, some versions of Outlook (apparently including Outlook 2000^[3]) prefer MIME, but may still use TNEF under some circumstances (for example, if an Outlook feature requires it).^[3][4]

TNEF attachments can contain security-sensitive information such as user login name and file paths,^[3][4] from which access controls could possibly be inferred.

Exchange Server[edit]

Native-mode Microsoft Exchange 2000 organizations will, in some circumstances, send entire messages as TNEF-encoded raw binary independent of what is advertised by the receiving SMTP server. As documented in Microsoft KBA #323483,^[5] this technique is not RFC-compliant because these messages have the following characteristics:

• They may include non-ASCII characters outside the 0–127 US-ASCII range.
• The lines in these messages are often too long for transport via SMTP.
• They do not follow the CRLF.CRLF message termination semantics as specified in RFC 821.

Internal communications between Exchange Servers (2000 and later) over SMTP encode the message in S/TNEF (Summary TNEF) format. The conversion between the format needed by the end client on the Internet is performed on the last Hub Transport server before final delivery, and when the Hub Transport role of an Exchange Server is about to deliver the message to a mailbox role server, the message is converted to MAPI format for storage.

S/TNEF differs from TNEF in that it is 8-bit (not 7-bit for TNEF) and does not contain a plain-text portion.

Decoding[edit]

Programs to decode and extract files from TNEF-encoded attachments are available on many platforms.

Multiplatform[edit]

• Geary (email client) supports TNEF since version 3.33.1
• TNEF Parse – Claws Mail plugin^[6]
• LookOut^[7] or its successor LookOut (fix version)^[8] – Mozilla Thunderbird extension. See also:
  • LookOut project page at MozDev.org^[9]
  • Bug 77811 – Inline viewer for Microsoft proprietary mail formats, a 15-plus-year-old bug report at the Mozilla Bugzilla^[10]
• Wireshark – Version 1.2 and later can open and dissect winmail.dat files, although it is not useful as a mail reader

Unix-like or POSIX command-line[edit]

• yTNEF – GPL TNEF extractor from the POSIX command-line, designed specifically for reading winmail.dat^[11]
• TNEF – GPL TNEF extractor from the POSIX command-line^[12]
• KTNEF – GPL TNEF extractor for KDE^[13]

Mac[edit]

• Klammer – Shareware for Mac OS X, available on App store; also supports MSG files^[14]
• MailRaider Pro - Application for Mac OS X, available on App store; also supports MSG files^[15]
• Winmail Viewer – Shareware Winmail.dat viewer for Mac OS X 10.6 or later, available on App Store, support open Microsoft Outlook (1997, 2000, 2003, 2007, 2010). Winmail.dat files, can extract and save Winmail.dat attachments^[16]
• TNEF's Enough – Freeware decoder for Mac OS 9 and Mac OS X^[17]
• tnefDD – Free GPL decoder with drag-and-drop functionality for Mac OS X^[18]
• TNEF MacPorts version of the TNEF command-line decoder Mac OS X^[19]
• Letter Opener (previously known as OMiC) – Shareware, plugin for Apple Mail^[20]

iPhone and iPad[edit]

• Winmail File Viewer – Paid universal app for the iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad to open winmail.dat attachments with option to save and share extracted files^[21]
• WinMail.dat Viewer - Browse Outlook winmail.dat files – Paid universal app for the iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad to open winmail.dat attachments with option to view, save and share extracted files^[22]
• Winmail File Viewer+ – Paid universal app for the iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad to open winmail.dat attachments with option to save and share extracted files^[23]
• Klammer - open EML, MSG and Winmail.dat files – Paid universal app for the iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad with in-app purchase to provide functionality^[24]
• WinDat Opener – Paid app for the iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad^[25]
• Letter Opener – Free Universal app for the iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad with in-app purchase to provide functionality^[26]

Microsoft Windows[edit]

• Winmail.dat Reader – Freeware easy-to-use decoder^[27]
• Winmail Opener – Freeware decoder^[28]
• tnef2win – Freeware decoder^[29]
• Free File Viewer – Freeware decoder^[30]
• fentun – Freeware decoder^[31]
• Winmail.dat Viewer – modern Windows 8 app (non-free)^[32]

Android[edit]

• Opener – A free Android app^[33]
• Reader - Free Android app also available^[27]

Online[edit]

• winmail.dat extractor and document converter – Free, in modern, responsive theme^[34]
• Reader Online – The online version of the Winmail.dat Reader (free)^[35]
• tud.at service – Web service and GPL licensed PHP script for reading attachments in winmail.dat files^[36]
• www.winmaildat.com – Another online winmail.dat extractor which allows to upload up to 5 MB^[37]
• the-computer-site.com – converts winmail.dat file to a zip file^[38]

Software libraries[edit]

• JTNEF – GPL Java TNEF package^[39]
• POI-HMEF – Java library of the Apache POI project^[40]
• MVCOM – Commercial COM component to parse TNEF^[41]
• Convert::TNEF – TNEF library written in Perl^[42]
• tnefparse library – TNEF access library written in Python, licensed under LGPL^[43]
• Aspose Email – Commercial Java and .NET library that can parse and extract TNEF data^[44]
• EAGetMail Component – Commercial .NET and ActiveX library that can parse and extract TNEF data^[45]
• node-tnef - NodeJS command line tool/library that can parse and extract TNEF data^[46]
• libytnef – GPL TNEF extractor library written in C^[47]

References[edit]

1. ^'Some Microsoft Media Types for registration'. IANA. Retrieved October 25, 2010.
2. ^'When you use Outlook 2007 to send an e-mail message, the recipient of the message sees an attachment that is called Winmail.dat'. Microsoft. July 29, 2009. Retrieved March 3, 2011.
3. ^ ^abc'Description of Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format (TNEF) in Outlook 2000'. Microsoft. Retrieved September 11, 2009.
4. ^ ^ab'How e-mail message formats affect Internet e-mails in Outlook'. Microsoft. March 30, 2005. Retrieved October 13, 2006.
5. ^Microsoft KBA #323483
6. ^'Claws Mail - Plugins'. www.Claws-Mail.org. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
7. ^'LookOut'. addons.Mozilla.org. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
8. ^'LookOut (fix version)'. addons.Mozilla.org. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
9. ^'mozdev.org - lookout: index'. lookout.MozDev.org. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
10. ^'77811 - Inline viewer for Microsoft proprietary mail formats (ms-tnef, etc.) ['winmail.dat']'. bugzilla.Mozilla.org. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
11. ^Yeraze (November 21, 2017). 'ytnef: Yeraze's TNEF Stream Reader - for winmail.dat files'. Retrieved December 23, 2017 – via GitHub.
12. ^Simpson, Mark (December 8, 2017). 'tnef'. Retrieved December 23, 2017 – via GitHub.
13. ^'KTnef'. SourceForge. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
14. ^'Klammer on the Mac App Store'. Mac App Store. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
15. ^'MailRaider Pro on the Mac App Store'. Mac App Store. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
16. ^'Winmail Viewer - Open and Read Winmail.dat Files on the Mac App Store'. Mac App Store. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
17. ^'Josh Jacob - TNEF's Enough'. www.JoshJacob.com. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
18. ^'tnefDD'. SourceForge.net. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
19. ^(mij@macports.org), Jim Mock. 'The MacPorts Project -- Available Ports'. www.MacPorts.org. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
20. ^'Letter Opener'. Restoroot.org. Archived from the original on November 2, 2006. Retrieved December 23, 2017.Cite uses deprecated parameter |deadurl= (help)
21. ^'Winmail File Viewer on the App Store'. App Store. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
22. ^'WinMail.dat Viewer for OS 10 on the App Store'. App Store. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
23. ^'Winmail Viewer for iPhone and iPad on the App Store'. App Store. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
24. ^'Klammer on the App Store'. App Store. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
25. ^'WinDat Opener on the App Store'. App Store. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
26. ^'Connecting to the iTunes Store'. iTunes.apple.com. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
27. ^ ^ab'Winmail.dat Reader - Open winmail.dat files (Freeware)'. www.Winmail-dat.com. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
28. ^'Winmail Opener - freeware utility for opening winmail.dat and other TNEF-encoded files'. www.Eolsoft.com. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
29. ^Petersen, Frank. 'tnef(TO)win, convert mstnef-attachments'. www.Petersen.de. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
30. ^'PDF, DOC, DOCX, DAT, BIN, PHP Viewer - FreeFileViewer'. www.FreeFileViewer.com. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
31. ^'Welcome to Fentun's Home Page'. www.Fentun.com. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
32. ^'Get Winmail.dat Viewer - Letter Opener - Microsoft Store'. Microsoft Store. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
33. ^'Winmail.dat Opener'. Google.com. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
34. ^grapph.com, Milos Wikarski. 'Free Online Document Converter'. doc2any.Grapph.com. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
35. ^'Online version - Winmail.dat Reader'. www.Winmail-dat.com. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
36. ^'MS-TNEF degenerator'. tud.at. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
37. ^'www.winmaildat.com'. Winmaildat.com. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
38. ^'the-computer-site.com - The Computer Site - Extract Attachments from WINMAIL.DAT files'. The-Computer-Site.com. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
39. ^'JTNEF - Java TNEF package'. www.FreeUtils.net. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
40. ^'POI-HMEF - Java API To Access Microsoft Transport Neutral Encoding Files (TNEF)'. poi.Apache.org. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
41. ^'MVCOM - MAPI-Free COM component for Outlook .pst, .msg, .ost'. www.Encryptomatic.com. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
42. ^'Convert::TNEF - Perl module to read TNEF files - metacpan.org'. Metacpan.org. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
43. ^'tnefparse: a TNEF decoding library written in python, without external dependencies'. October 18, 2017. Retrieved January 8, 2018 – via GitHub.
44. ^Sheikh, Farrukh. 'Outlook Alternative - Email APIs for .NET Java Android SharePoint Cloud'. www.Aspose.com. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
45. ^'IMAP4 Component, POP3 Component, Email Parser for C#, VB, C++, Delphi - Retrieve Email, Parse Email, Decrypt Email, S/MIME, Parse winmail.dat, TNEF, Parse Outlook Msg, SSL, TLS'. www.EmailArchitect.net. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
46. ^Murphy, John. 'node-tnef'. Retrieved August 31, 2018.
47. ^Yeraze (November 21, 2017). 'ytnef: Yeraze's TNEF Stream Reader - for winmail.dat files'. Retrieved December 23, 2017 – via GitHub.

External links[edit]

• Specification:
  • 'M-OXTNEF: Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format (TNEF) Data Algorithm' - MS-TNEF format specifications
• Microsoft Support:
  • 'How e-mail message formats affect Internet e-mails in Outlook' - How to disable TNEF in Outlook 2002 and 2003
  • 'Description of Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format (TNEF) in Outlook 2000' - How to disable TNEF in Outlook 2000
  • 'How to configure Internet e-mail message formats at the user and the domain levels in Exchange Server 2003' - Includes instructions on disabling TNEF
• Other:

The Adobe DNG Converter enables you to easily convert camera-specific raw files from supported cameras to a more universal DNG raw file. Another benefit of using the DNG Converter is backward compatibility.

Note:

Adobe provides backwards compatibility for the latest cameras for use in older versions of Photoshop, Lightroom, Bridge, After Effects, and Photoshop Elements through the DNG Converter.

For conceptual information about raw files and the DNG format, and to understand why you should convert your files to DNG, see the Appendix.

Windows:Adobe DNG Converter

Mac OS:Adobe DNG Converter

1. Open the downloaded file and double-click the DNG Converter executable file.
2. Follow the onscreen instructions.

The DNG Converter is now available in your Programs (Windows) or Applications (Mac) directory. The installation utility is designed to also install a set of color profiles required for the DNG Converter to function properly. These profiles are copied to a common resource location.

1. Launch the DNG Converter by double-clicking its icon. Alternatively, drag and drop individual images or a folder of images directly onto the Adobe DNG Converter icon. This action automatically launches the converter.
2. Select the folder of images you'd like to convert to DNG.
3. Select the location where you want to save the converted DNG files.
4. Select a naming pattern for the new DNG files:
   Document Name: The existing name of the file is used with the DNG extension added.
   Add serial numbers or letters to the name: Advanced patterns; an example of the resulting name appears after Name Example.
5. Specify the following additional settings for the DNG file names:
   Begin numbering: Enter the starting serial number if you'd like it to be different from 1.
   File Extension: The file extension is automatically set to DNG. You can choose the extension to be either uppercase or lowercase.
6. If necessary, change the compatibility preferences.
7. Click Convert. A dialog box showing the status of the conversion appears.

To change compatibility preferences, follow these steps:

1. In the Preferences section of the DNG Converter dialog box, click Change Preferences.
2. Choose one of the following options:
   Camera Raw 2.4 and later: The DNG file will be readable by Camera Raw 2.4 (Photoshop CS) and later, and Lightroom 1.0 and later
   Camera Raw 4.1 and later: The DNG file will be readable by Camera Raw 4.1 (Photoshop CS3) and later, and Lightroom 1.1 and later. The DNG file will often be readable by earlier versions, depending on the camera model.
   Camera Raw 4.6 and later: The DNG file will be readable by Camera Raw 4.6 (Photoshop CS3) and later, and Lightroom 2.1 and later. The DNG file will often be readable by earlier versions, depending on the camera model.
   Camera Raw 5.4 and later: The DNG file will be readable by Camera Raw 5.4 (Photoshop CS4) and later, and Lightroom 2.4 and later. The DNG file will often be readable by earlier versions, depending on the camera model.
   Camera Raw 6.6 and later: The DNG file will be readable by Camera Raw 6.6 (Photoshop CS5) and later, and Lightroom 3.6 and later. The DNG file will often be readable by earlier versions, depending on the camera model.
   Camera Raw 7.1 and later: The DNG file will be readable by Camera Raw 7.1 (Photoshop CS6) and later, and Lightroom 4.1 and later. The DNG file will often be readable by earlier versions, depending on the camera model.
   Custom:
   • Backward Version: DNG 1.1, DNG 1.3, or DNG 1.4 (default 1.4)
   • Linear (demosaiced): The image data is stored in an interpolated (“demosaiced”) format. This option is useful if a camera’s particular mosaic pattern is not supported by a DNG reader. The default mosaic format maximizes the extent of data preserved. Mosaic image data can be converted to linear data, but the reverse is not possible.
   • Uncompressed: No compression is applied to the raw image data.

Video | The advantages of the DNG file format

A raw file contains the “raw” data captured by the digital camera sensor before it has been converted to JPEG or TIFF formats. Cameras that create JPEG or TIFF files process (and in the case of JPEG files, compress) the sensor data. When working with raw files, the file is not compressed or processed in the camera. Instead, software gives the user complete control over the conversion settings. For example, white balance is not applied to the raw file but is stored with the file so the software can default to the originally-intended setting. Other information contained in a DNG file includes standard EXIF metadata (just like in JPEG files), date, time, camera used, and camera settings.

Raw files offer the following benefits:

• Smaller files than uncompressed TIFF
• Does not have the artifacts of compressed JPEGs
• Many key camera parameters, such as white balance, can be modified even after the image is captured
• You have complete control over conversion settings rather than letting the camera decide
• Access to 16-bit data for greater detail and fidelity
• Flexibility of converting a single file using multiple conversion settings

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Digital Negative (DNG) is an openly published raw file specification that stores the “raw” pixel data captured by the digital camera sensor before it has been converted to JPEG or TIFF formats, along with standard EXIF metadata, date, time, camera used, and camera settings. This format is freely available for other software and hardware vendors to support.

Unlike most manufacturer-specific raw formats, the Digital Negative is an openly published specification that not only is supported by Adobe, but is also freely available for other software and hardware vendors to support. Consequently, it can be a safer file format to use for long-term archival purposes. Archiving your file as a digital negative eliminates worries that the raw file will no longer be readable once the camera format that created it becomes obsolete.

The Digital Negative specification allows for not only all of the pixel information stored in current raw formats, but also for all of the additional, proprietary metadata that many manufacturers include. The Adobe DNG Converter may, in some cases, ignore some of this proprietary metadata, and only include the basic information necessary for creating a high-quality image file. The original raw file, however, can also be embedded in the new DNG format to ensure that proprietary metadata from the manufacturer is not lost.

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